The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid - Revision history

Ranisha at 21:54, 21 July 2020

2020-07-21T21:54:59Z

Lisafeldmann at 14:03, 6 July 2020

2020-07-06T14:03:41Z

Lisafeldmann: /* Key Findings */

2019-01-28T09:38:42Z

Key Findings

Johanna at 09:34, 22 January 2019

2019-01-22T09:34:39Z

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 10:12, 21 January 2019

2019-01-21T10:12:54Z

Lisafeldmann at 15:56, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T15:56:26Z

Lisafeldmann at 15:44, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T15:44:49Z

Lisafeldmann: /* Further Information */

2019-01-16T15:43:56Z

Further Information

Lisafeldmann: /* Further Information */

2019-01-16T15:42:13Z

Further Information

Lisafeldmann: /* Further Information */

2019-01-16T15:41:26Z

Further Information

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 = The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid - Introduction =
@@ Line 127: / Line 126: @@
 *[[The Moving Energy Initiative|The Moving Energy Initiative]]
 *[[A Global Plan of Action - Background, Visions and Outcomes|Global Plan of Action]]
-*More articles and documents on energy in [[:Category:Humanitarian Settings|humanitarian settings]], available on energypedia
+*More articles and documents on energy in [[:Category:Humanitarian Energy|humanitarian settings]], available on energypedia
 [[Category:Humanitarian_Energy]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Most refugee and internal displacement camps are in remote locations, so humanitarian agencies consume large amounts of fuel on the transport of staff, equipment&nbsp;and goods such as food and water. Operations tend to rely on on-site electricity generation to power reception centres, clinics, schools, food storage, water-pumping and street lighting.
-Despite the essential role of energy in humanitarian action, and the UN´s stated commitment to carbon neutrality by 2020, to date there is no concerted effort to move away from fossil fuels. The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, a new report by Chatham House for the [[The Moving Energy Initiative|Moving Energy Initiative]] (MEI), offers the first ever assessment of energy use by humanitarian organizations.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
+Despite the essential role of energy in humanitarian action, and the UN´s stated commitment to carbon neutrality by 2020, to date there is no concerted effort to move away from fossil fuels. The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, a new report by Chatham House for the [[The Moving Energy Initiative|Moving Energy Initiative]] (MEI), offers the first ever assessment of energy use by humanitarian organizations.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018):">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
 = Key Findings =
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 <br/>
 = Country Key Findings =
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 *Investigate the potential for switching to cleaner fuels.
 *Consider setting incentive and disincentive schemes at headquarters that encourage good practice across the agencies
-*Make energy a priority at headquarters and work with field office staff to integrate a culture of efficiency.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
+*Make energy a priority at headquarters and work with field office staff to integrate a culture of efficiency.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018):">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 100: / Line 102: @@
 #Investigate what is actually being done by which agencies to reduce fuel costs and emissions in the country of operation.
 #Offer support to projects that unlock system change, and that enable models that can be adapted for replication.
-#Consider contributing to a multi-country fund to de-risk the larger investments to transform large displacement operation.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
+#Consider contributing to a multi-country fund to de-risk the larger investments to transform large displacement operation.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018):">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 109: / Line 111: @@
 #Where possible, include sustainable energy as a priority area in humanitarian response plans (HRPs) and encourage aid in energy projects that will leave a positive legacy in-country.
 #In cases of prolonged displacement/humanitarian presence, consider enabling infrastructure investments that will reduce energy and water demand in camps and harness local market expertise.
-#Consider partnerships with humanitarian agencies operating in remote locations to improve energy access for rural areas.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
+#Consider partnerships with humanitarian agencies operating in remote locations to improve energy access for rural areas.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018):">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 127: / Line 129: @@
 *More articles and documents on energy in [[:Category:Humanitarian Settings|humanitarian settings]], available on energypedia
 [[Category:Burkina_Faso]]

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 <br/>
 = Key Findings =
@@ Line 20: / Line 21: @@
 #There is little transparency over energy use and spending in the humanitarian sector, as few agencies effectively collect and report on energy use.
-*Due to the absence of reliable data from the majority of humanitarian agencies with regard to energy costs or potential savings, estimates will be highly flawed. Nonetheless, this research estimates that around 5% of humanitarian agencies global expenditure is on diesel, petrol, and associated costs (not including flights). indicating that around $1.2 billion have been spent on polluting fuel in 2017.
+*Due to the absence of reliable data from the majority of humanitarian agencies with regard to energy costs or potential savings, estimates will be highly flawed. Nonetheless, this research estimates that around 5% of humanitarian agencies global expenditure is on diesel, petrol, and associated costs (not including flights), indicating that around $1.2 billion have been spent on polluting fuel in 2017.
 *The paper examines cases and pilots with currently available and affordable technologies which are helping individual agencies to create savings and reduce environmental impact. Based on the results of these studies, the humanitarian aid sector could save at least 10% of fuel costs on ground transport, 37% through behaviour change and more efficient technologies, and 60% on generation; this could produce an operational saving of $517 million/year for the humanitarian sector (~5% of UNHCR's funding gap for 2017).
 *In addition to the financial gains, adopting energy strategies, which promote sustainable energy in countries of operation, would also help humanitarian agencies building positive relations with the host-country governments and societies.&nbsp;<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lahn Department Manager and Senior Research Fellow, The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, Chatham House Published on Dec 10, 2018. https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid">Owen Grafham and Glada Lahn Department Manager and Senior Research Fellow, The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, Chatham House Published on Dec 10, 2018. https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid</ref>
 <br/>
 = Country Key Findings =

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Most refugee and internal displacement camps are in remote locations, so humanitarian agencies consume large amounts of fuel on the transport of staff, equipment&nbsp;and goods such as food and water. Operations tend to rely on on-site electricity generation to power reception centres, clinics, schools, food storage, water-pumping and street lighting.
-Despite the essential role of energy in humanitarian action, and the UN´s stated commitment to carbon neutrality by 2020, to date there is no concerted effort to move away from fossil fuels. The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, a new report by Chatham House for the [[The Moving Energy Initiative|Moving Energy Initiative]] (MEI), offers the first ever assessment of energy use by humanitarian organizations.
+Despite the essential role of energy in humanitarian action, and the UN´s stated commitment to carbon neutrality by 2020, to date there is no concerted effort to move away from fossil fuels. The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, a new report by Chatham House for the [[The Moving Energy Initiative|Moving Energy Initiative]] (MEI), offers the first ever assessment of energy use by humanitarian organizations.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 #Humanitarian agencies are heavily dependent on oil fuel for electricity generation. This dependence could be radically reduced through the deployment of more efficient practices and renewable energy technologies, thereby reducing operational costs.
-#The way in which fuel is distributed in camps, between agencies congtracted by th UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), does not usually motivate these agencies to conserve fuel. Hence, these agencies have very few -if any- incentives to perform better.
+#The way in which fuel is distributed in camps, between agencies contracted by the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), does not usually motivate these agencies to conserve fuel. Hence, these agencies have very few -if any- incentives to perform better.
 #There is little transparency over energy use and spending in the humanitarian sector, as few agencies effectively collect and report on energy use.
 *Due to the absence of reliable data from the majority of humanitarian agencies with regard to energy costs or potential savings, estimates will be highly flawed. Nonetheless, this research estimates that around 5% of humanitarian agencies global expenditure is on diesel, petrol, and associated costs (not including flights). indicating that around $1.2 billion have been spent on polluting fuel in 2017.
 *The paper examines cases and pilots with currently available and affordable technologies which are helping individual agencies to create savings and reduce environmental impact. Based on the results of these studies, the humanitarian aid sector could save at least 10% of fuel costs on ground transport, 37% through behaviour change and more efficient technologies, and 60% on generation; this could produce an operational saving of $517 million/year for the humanitarian sector (~5% of UNHCR's funding gap for 2017).
-*In addition to the financial gains, adopting energy strategies, which promote sustainable energy in countries of operation, would also help humanitarian agencies building positive relations with the host-country governments and societies.&nbsp;
+*In addition to the financial gains, adopting energy strategies, which promote sustainable energy in countries of operation, would also help humanitarian agencies building positive relations with the host-country governments and societies.&nbsp;<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lahn Department Manager and Senior Research Fellow, The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, Chatham House Published on Dec 10, 2018. https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid">Owen Grafham and Glada Lahn Department Manager and Senior Research Fellow, The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, Chatham House Published on Dec 10, 2018. https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 ! scope="row" | Burkina Faso
+|
-*NGO offices are desperately short of power in Goudoubo's camp, most lacking computers and air conditioning.
+*In Burkina Faso’s Goudoubo camp, NGO offices are desperately short of power – they have no computers or air-conditioning.
 *Investing in renewable energy technologies could enable better facilities as well providing street lighting and water pumping.
 *Investing in renewable energy technologies could also drive increased rural energy access among host populations across this area of the Sahel.
@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 #Increase transport-fuel savings.
-#Improve air quality.
+#Improve air quality.<br/>In some countries there may be opportunities for the humanitarian sector to negotiate for less polluting (i.e. lower&nbsp; Sulphur) transport fuel from local refineries.
-&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In some countries there may be opportunities for the humanitarian sector to negotiate for less polluting (i.e. lower&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Sulphur) transport fuel from local refineries.
+*Currently, the lack of precise data on energy use, costs and alternatives means that humanitarian agencies are missing opportunities to do things differently<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lahn Department Manager and Senior Research Fellow, The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, Chatham House Published on Dec 10, 2018. https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid">Owen Grafham and Glada Lahn Department Manager and Senior Research Fellow, The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, Chatham House Published on Dec 10, 2018. https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 79: / Line 77: @@
 *Measuring – Collecting energy and emissions data
-*Monitoring – Reporting on these data and identifying ‘low-hanging fruit’ where improvements would pay back an initial investment in a short period
+*Monitoring – Reporting on these data and identifying ‘low-hanging fruits’ where improvements would pay back an initial investment in a short period
 *Motivating – Introducing emissions reduction targets as key performance indicators and encouraging entrepreneurial activities by country teams&nbsp;such as partnerships with firms providing renewable energy services and cooperation with other agencies
@@ Line 91: / Line 89: @@
 *Investigate the potential for switching to cleaner fuels.
 *Consider setting incentive and disincentive schemes at headquarters that encourage good practice across the agencies
-*Make energy a priority at headquarters and work with field office staff to integrate a culture of efficiency.
+*Make energy a priority at headquarters and work with field office staff to integrate a culture of efficiency.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 100: / Line 98: @@
 #Investigate what is actually being done by which agencies to reduce fuel costs and emissions in the country of operation.
 #Offer support to projects that unlock system change, and that enable models that can be adapted for replication.
-#Consider contributing to a multi-country fund to de-risk the larger investments to transform large displacement operation.
+#Consider contributing to a multi-country fund to de-risk the larger investments to transform large displacement operation.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
@@ Line 109: / Line 107: @@
 #Where possible, include sustainable energy as a priority area in humanitarian response plans (HRPs) and encourage aid in energy projects that will leave a positive legacy in-country.
 #In cases of prolonged displacement/humanitarian presence, consider enabling infrastructure investments that will reduce energy and water demand in camps and harness local market expertise.
-#Consider partnerships with humanitarian agencies operating in remote locations to improve energy access for rural areas.<br/>
+#Consider partnerships with humanitarian agencies operating in remote locations to improve energy access for rural areas.<ref name="Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): ">Owen Grafham and Glada Lah (December 2018): "The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid". Research Paper MEI Moving Energy Initiative. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf</ref>
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 123: / Line 125: @@
 *More articles and documents on energy in [[:Category:Humanitarian Settings|humanitarian settings]], available on energypedia
 [[Category:Humanitarian_Settings]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Most refugee and internal displacement camps are in remote locations, so humanitarian agencies consume large amounts of fuel on the transport of staff, equipment&nbsp;and goods such as food and water. Operations tend to rely on on-site electricity generation to power reception centres, clinics, schools, food storage, water-pumping and street lighting.
-Despite the essential role of energy in humanitarian action, and the UN´s stated commitment to carbon neutrality by 2020, to date there is no concerted effort to move away from fossil fuels. The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, a new report by Chatham House for the [[The_Moving_Energy_Initiative|Moving Energy Initiative]] (MEI), offers the first ever assessment of energy use by humanitarian organizations.
+Despite the essential role of energy in humanitarian action, and the UN´s stated commitment to carbon neutrality by 2020, to date there is no concerted effort to move away from fossil fuels. The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid, a new report by Chatham House for the [[The Moving Energy Initiative|Moving Energy Initiative]] (MEI), offers the first ever assessment of energy use by humanitarian organizations.
 <br/>
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 The report is based on a survey of 21 organizations operating in the humanitarian sector in Burkina Faso, Kenya and Jordan, complemented by interviews with key staff involved in setting energy policy. The following problems have been found:
-#Involved agencies are heavily dependent on oil fuel for electricity generation, for which they are paying too much, even though renewable energy technologies are capable of reducing costs, being deployed in similar conditions.
+#Humanitarian agencies are heavily dependent on oil fuel for electricity generation. This dependence could be radically reduced through the deployment of more efficient practices and renewable energy technologies, thereby reducing operational costs.
-#The way in which fuel is distributed in camps, between agencies who are in contract with UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), does not usually motivate these agencies to conserve fuel. Hence, these agencies have very few -if any- incentives to perform better.
+#The way in which fuel is distributed in camps, between agencies congtracted by th UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), does not usually motivate these agencies to conserve fuel. Hence, these agencies have very few -if any- incentives to perform better.
-#What for and how much is spent on energy by these different agencies lack transparency, as few agencies collect and report on energy use.
+#There is little transparency over energy use and spending in the humanitarian sector, as few agencies effectively collect and report on energy use.
-*Due to the absence of concrete reliable data from the majority of humanitarian agencies with regard to energy costs or potential savings, then any estimates would probably be highly flawed. Nonetheless, this research approximately estimates that around 5% of humanitarian agencies expenditure is on diesel, petrol, and associated costs, indicating that around $1.2 billion have been spent on polluting fuel in 2017.
+*Due to the absence of reliable data from the majority of humanitarian agencies with regard to energy costs or potential savings, estimates will be highly flawed. Nonetheless, this research estimates that around 5% of humanitarian agencies global expenditure is on diesel, petrol, and associated costs (not including flights). indicating that around $1.2 billion have been spent on polluting fuel in 2017.
-*The paper examines few practices - currently available, affordable and proven in practice -, which are considered the best in terms of helping the individual agencies to create a large saving margins. Based on current best practices, the humanitarian aiding sector could save at least 10% of fuel costs on ground transport, 37% through behaviour change and more efficient technologies, and 60% on generation; this could lead to an operational saving of $517 million/year for the humanitarian sector (~5% of UNHCR's funding gap for 2017).
+*The paper examines cases and pilots with currently available and affordable technologies which are helping individual agencies to create savings and reduce environmental impact. Based on the results of these studies, the humanitarian aid sector could save at least 10% of fuel costs on ground transport, 37% through behaviour change and more efficient technologies, and 60% on generation; this could produce an operational saving of $517 million/year for the humanitarian sector (~5% of UNHCR's funding gap for 2017).
 *In addition to the financial gains, adopting energy strategies, which promote sustainable energy in countries of operation, would also help humanitarian agencies building positive relations with the host-country governments and societies.&nbsp;
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 {| style="width:100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1"
 |-
 ! scope="row" | Country
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 ! scope="row" | Kenya
+|
-*The 7 surveyed agencies showed that their annual spending on diesel and petrol in 2017 was approximately $6.7 million.
+*The 7 surveyed agencies showed annual spending on diesel and petrol in 2017 was approximately $6.7 million.
 *The high cost reflected the remoteness of locations of camps and the agencies' high reliance on diesel for electricity generation.
-*Solar off-grid systems would offer an extending electricity access to refugees and local populations in Garissa & Tukana counties.
+*Solar off-grid systems could enable extension of electricity access to refugees and local populations in Garissa & Turkana counties.
 |-
 ! scope="row" | Jordan
+|
 *Solar power is currently powering the majority of camp facilities and many households.
-*The use of grid electricity remains high and expensive in Amman, where humanitarian agencies' head offices run.
+*Huge cost savings are available through buildings efficiency measures in the country offices of humanitarian agencies in Amman, given the costs of grid electricity.
 |-
 ! scope="row" | Burkina Faso
+|
-*NGO offices are desperately short of power in Goudoubo's camp, they have no computers and air conditioning.
+*NGO offices are desperately short of power in Goudoubo's camp, most lacking computers and air conditioning.
-*Investing in renewable energy technologies would solve such issues as well as street lighting and water pumping.
+*Investing in renewable energy technologies could enable better facilities as well providing street lighting and water pumping.
 *Investing in renewable energy technologies could also drive increased rural energy access among host populations across this area of the Sahel.
@@ Line 58: / Line 57: @@
 <br/>
-*Fleet sharing and fuel-management practices would make sense in the three countries as that would:
+*Fleet sharing and better fuel-management practices would make sense in the three countries in order to:
 #Increase transport-fuel savings.
 #Improve air quality.
-*Another negative outcome -due to the lack of precise data on energy use, costs and alternatives- is frequently missing opportunities to do things differently by the decision makers.
+&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In some countries there may be opportunities for the humanitarian sector to negotiate for less polluting (i.e. lower&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Sulphur) transport fuel from local refineries.
 <br/>
@@ Line 96: / Line 97: @@
 == Recommendations for Donors ==
-#Demanding humanitarian agencies to provide a breakdown of energy cost projections in budgets, and backing them up with assumptions about consumption and costs.
+#Demand humanitarian agencies provide a breakdown of energy cost projections in budgets, and backing them up with assumptions about consumption and costs.
-#Investigating what is actually being done by which agencies to reduce fuel costs and emissions in the country of operation.
+#Investigate what is actually being done by which agencies to reduce fuel costs and emissions in the country of operation.
 #Offer support to projects that unlock system change, and that enable models that can be adapted for replication.
 #Consider contributing to a multi-country fund to de-risk the larger investments to transform large displacement operation.
@@ Line 122: / Line 123: @@
 *More articles and documents on energy in [[:Category:Humanitarian Settings|humanitarian settings]], available on energypedia
 [[Category:Burkina_Faso]]

@@ Line 111: / Line 111: @@
 <br/>
@@ Line 117: / Line 118: @@
 = Further Information =
-*[[File:Fuelling_Humanitarian_Aid.PNG|The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid Full Report]]
+*[https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2018-12-10-Costs-Humanitarian-Aid2.pdf The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid] - Full report
 *[https://mei.chathamhouse.org/costs-fuelling-humanitarian-aid The Costs of Fuelling Humanitarian Aid Summary]
 *[[Powering Ahead - Improving How We Use and Account for Energy in Humanitarian Operations - Toolkit|Powering Ahead - Improving How We Use and Account for Energy in Humanitarian Operations - Toolkit]]
@@ Line 125: / Line 126: @@
 *More articles and documents on energy in [[:Category:Humanitarian Settings|humanitarian settings]], available on energypedia
 [[Category:Humanitarian_Settings]]