Estimating energy demand of the energy poor - Revision history

Ranisha at 13:55, 2 May 2018

2018-05-02T13:55:09Z

Johanna at 13:19, 1 May 2018

2018-05-01T13:19:18Z

Johanna: /* Further Information */

2018-05-01T09:23:36Z

Further Information

Johanna: /* Further Information */

2018-05-01T09:21:45Z

Further Information

Johanna at 09:20, 1 May 2018

2018-05-01T09:20:37Z

Johanna at 08:36, 1 May 2018

2018-05-01T08:36:13Z

Ranisha at 19:15, 30 April 2018

2018-04-30T19:15:25Z

Pia Lovengreen Alessi at 16:52, 30 April 2018

2018-04-30T16:52:50Z

Pia Lovengreen Alessi at 16:48, 30 April 2018

2018-04-30T16:48:53Z

Johanna at 16:10, 30 April 2018

2018-04-30T16:10:07Z

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 = Global predictions<br/> =
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 *[[Figures on Energy Poverty|Figures on Energy Poverty]]
 *[[Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access|Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access]]
 <br/>
@@ Line 105: / Line 105: @@
 Written by: [http://fsr.eui.eu/people/pia-lovengreen-alessi/ Pia Lovengreen Alessi], [http://fsr.eui.eu/universal-access-energy/ Florence School of Regulation]&nbsp;and [http://www.wame2015.org/ World Access to Modern Energy].
 [[Category:Energy_Access]]

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 <br/>
+<br/>
 = Further Information<br/> =
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 *[[Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access|Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access]]
 = References<br/> =
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 Written by: [http://fsr.eui.eu/people/pia-lovengreen-alessi/ Pia Lovengreen Alessi], [http://fsr.eui.eu/universal-access-energy/ Florence School of Regulation]&nbsp;and [http://www.wame2015.org/ World Access to Modern Energy].
 [[Category:Energy_Use]]

@@ Line 72: / Line 72: @@
 <br/>
 = Further Information<br/> =
-[[File:Energypedia-Access text.png|right|40px|Energypedia-Access_text.png|alt=EnergyAccessPortal|link=Portal:Energy Access]]
+{{EnergyAccessPortal}}
 *'''[[:Portal:Energy Access|Energy Access Portal]]'''

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 <br/>
 = Further Information<br/> =
-[[File:Energypedia-Access text.png|right|40px|Energypedia-Access_text.png|alt=Energypedia-Access_text.png|link=Portal:Energy Access]]
+[[File:Energypedia-Access text.png|right|40px|Energypedia-Access_text.png|alt=EnergyAccessPortal|link=Portal:Energy Access]]
 *'''[[:Portal:Energy Access|Energy Access Portal]]'''
 *[[Figures on Energy Poverty|Figures on Energy Poverty]]
 *[[Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access|Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access]]
 = References<br/> =

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 == Energy<br/> ==
 According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) New Policies Scenario, '''global energy needs will rise at a slower pace than in the past''' yet still increase by 30% between 2017 and 2040. This is the equivalent of adding another China and India to today’s global demand. These predictions are supported by a '''global economy growing''' at a predicted average rate of 3.4% per year, a world '''population expanding''' from 7.4 billion today to more than 9 billion in 2040, and by a process of '''urbanisation''' that adds the equivalent of a city the size of Shanghai to the world’s urban population every four months.
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 == Electricity ==
 '''Global investment in electricity overtook that of oil and gas''' for the first time in 2016. Electricity is the most flexible and clean form of energy and the only one that can be used in the rapidly growing fields of '''computing''', '''communication''', '''robotization''' and '''artificial intelligence'''. The rising share of electricity in total energy use may also be an effect of the global reaction to increasing '''climate change concerns''' and the associated need to decarbonize.<br/>
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 = What are the energy demands of the energy-poor? =
 As highlighted in the “[[Launch of the Poor People’s Energy Outlook: Reshaping Energy Planning in Developing Countries (2017 in Bonn)|Poor Peoples Energy Outlook Report 2016]]”, '''putting people at the centre of energy planning is fundamental'''. Assessing the energy demand of the energy poor includes the present and future demand of energy-poor households for lighting, cooking, water heating, space heating, use of other electrical appliances and other energy services, which must be met with the acceptable minimum level of basic energy services.
@@ Line 80: / Line 75: @@
 = Further Information<br/> =
 *[[Figures on Energy Poverty|Figures on Energy Poverty]]
 *[[Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access|Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access]]
@@ Line 103: / Line 100: @@
 Written by: [http://fsr.eui.eu/people/pia-lovengreen-alessi/ Pia Lovengreen Alessi], [http://fsr.eui.eu/universal-access-energy/ Florence School of Regulation]&nbsp;and [http://www.wame2015.org/ World Access to Modern Energy].
 [[Category:Energy_Access]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Global predictions<br/> =
 == Energy<br/> ==
 According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) New Policies Scenario, '''global energy needs will rise at a slower pace than in the past''' yet still increase by 30% between 2017 and 2040. This is the equivalent of adding another China and India to today’s global demand. These predictions are supported by a '''global economy growing''' at a predicted average rate of 3.4% per year, a world '''population expanding''' from 7.4 billion today to more than 9 billion in 2040, and by a process of '''urbanisation''' that adds the equivalent of a city the size of Shanghai to the world’s urban population every four months.
@@ Line 8: / Line 11: @@
 &nbsp;
-<p style="text-align: center">[[File:Screen Shot 2018-04-20 at 09.58.15.png|center|500px|border|Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017|alt=Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017]]</p><p style="text-align: center">Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">[[File:Screen Shot 2018-04-20 at 09.58.15.png|border|center|500px|Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017|alt=Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017]]</p><p style="text-align: center">Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
 &nbsp;
 == Electricity ==
 '''Global investment in electricity overtook that of oil and gas''' for the first time in 2016. Electricity is the most flexible and clean form of energy and the only one that can be used in the rapidly growing fields of '''computing''', '''communication''', '''robotization''' and '''artificial intelligence'''. The rising share of electricity in total energy use may also be an effect of the global reaction to increasing '''climate change concerns''' and the associated need to decarbonize.<br/>
-[[File:Electricity demand by selected region, IEA.png|center|500px|Electricity demand by selected region, IEA|border|alt=Electricity demand by selected region, IEA]]
+[[File:Electricity demand by selected region, IEA.png|border|center|500px|Electricity demand by selected region, IEA|alt=Electricity demand by selected region, IEA]]
 <p style="text-align: center">Electricity demand by selected region, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
 '''Industrial electric motor systems''' in conjunction with '''mobility''' and '''heating''' are expected to progressively and rapidly '''electrify '''over the coming years. This will increase power demand considerably along with growth in its traditional domains, according to the IEA New Policies Scenario. Furthermore, rising incomes mean that many '''millions of households will climb the energy ladder''' and will use more electrical appliances and thus continue to increase demand.
@@ Line 27: / Line 30: @@
 = What are the energy demands of the energy-poor? =
 As highlighted in the “[[Launch of the Poor People’s Energy Outlook: Reshaping Energy Planning in Developing Countries (2017 in Bonn)|Poor Peoples Energy Outlook Report 2016]]”, '''putting people at the centre of energy planning is fundamental'''. Assessing the energy demand of the energy poor includes the present and future demand of energy-poor households for lighting, cooking, water heating, space heating, use of other electrical appliances and other energy services, which must be met with the acceptable minimum level of basic energy services.
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 #Stand-alone
+<br/>The MTF is a useful instrument to identify optimal energy access '''technologies''' that can meet the needs of the people it will serve within their '''budgets'''. Furthermore, it is an instrument that is sustainable over time as it incorporates a possible, often gradual, '''increase in demand''' once a first tier level has been achieved.
 An innovative web-based application was launched in 2017 by the World Bank, Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) and KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. This '''[http://electrification.energydata.info/ Electrification Pathways]'''&nbsp;tool considers a variety of open, geospatial data to determine the least-cost options for bringing electricity to areas as small as 1 square km in size and was initially launched with data on three countries –&nbsp; '''Tanzania, Zambia, and Nigeria''' – with more to follow. The tool was developed as a '''public good''' available to governments, development organisations, the private sector and any other stakeholder working in the field of achieving universal access to energy. Furthermore, the application incorporates ESMAP’s MTF and hence the growing demand over time is accounted for.
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 *[https://energydata.info/ Energydata.info]
 = Further Information<br/> =
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 *Asian Development Bank, [https://www.adb.org/publications/sustainable-energy-access-planning-framework Sustainable Energy Access Planning – A Framework], 2015
 *ESMAP and KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, [https://energydata.info/ Energydata.info]
 <div>
 <references />
@@ Line 99: / Line 103: @@
 Written by: [http://fsr.eui.eu/people/pia-lovengreen-alessi/ Pia Lovengreen Alessi], [http://fsr.eui.eu/universal-access-energy/ Florence School of Regulation]&nbsp;and [http://www.wame2015.org/ World Access to Modern Energy].
 [[Category:Energy_Use]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Global predictions<br/> =
 == Energy<br/> ==
@@ Line 11: / Line 8: @@
 &nbsp;
-<p style="text-align: center">[[File:Screen Shot 2018-04-20 at 09.58.15.png|center|500px|Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017|alt=Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017]]</p><p style="text-align: center">Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">[[File:Screen Shot 2018-04-20 at 09.58.15.png|center|500px|border|Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017|alt=Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017]]</p><p style="text-align: center">Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
 &nbsp;
@@ Line 18: / Line 15: @@
 '''Global investment in electricity overtook that of oil and gas''' for the first time in 2016. Electricity is the most flexible and clean form of energy and the only one that can be used in the rapidly growing fields of '''computing''', '''communication''', '''robotization''' and '''artificial intelligence'''. The rising share of electricity in total energy use may also be an effect of the global reaction to increasing '''climate change concerns''' and the associated need to decarbonize.<br/>
-<br/>[[File:Electricity demand by selected region, IEA.png|center|500px|Electricity demand by selected region, IEA|alt=Electricity demand by selected region, IEA]]
+[[File:Electricity demand by selected region, IEA.png|center|500px|Electricity demand by selected region, IEA|border|alt=Electricity demand by selected region, IEA]]
 <p style="text-align: center">Electricity demand by selected region, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
 '''Industrial electric motor systems''' in conjunction with '''mobility''' and '''heating''' are expected to progressively and rapidly '''electrify '''over the coming years. This will increase power demand considerably along with growth in its traditional domains, according to the IEA New Policies Scenario. Furthermore, rising incomes mean that many '''millions of households will climb the energy ladder''' and will use more electrical appliances and thus continue to increase demand.
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 Where there are distinct national targets for reaching the un-electrified, too often this has been done with a '''binary “all or nothing” approach''' and therefore continued to prioritize large infrastructure projects, picking the lower hanging fruit, reaching the urban and semi-urban populations first as they were the easiest to reach. Electrification of the poor by grid extension, even urban and semi-urban, has often proven to be a highly unprofitable business for utilities, resulting in their hesitation in pursuing it.
 Today, a majority of those without access are located in '''rural areas''' that are difficult and very expensive to reach with grid-extension. Traditional systems are either too large and not economically viable or too small and will have to be upgraded or replaced soon. An economically viable strategy should be based on some form of '''decentralised electrification''', which can be profitable if purposely built to meet the real demand of the people.
 = What are the energy demands of the energy-poor? =
-As highlighted in the “[[Launch of the Poor People’s Energy Outlook: Reshaping Energy Planning in Developing Countries (2017 in Bonn)|Poor Peoples Energy Outlook Report 2016]]”, '''putting people at the centre of energy planning is fundamental'''. Assessing the energy demand of the energy poor includes the present and future demand of energy-poor households for lighting, cooking, water heating, space heating, use of other electrical appliances and other energy services, which must be met with the acceptable minimum level of basic energy services.<span style="font-size: 0.85em">&nbsp;</span>
+As highlighted in the “[[Launch of the Poor People’s Energy Outlook: Reshaping Energy Planning in Developing Countries (2017 in Bonn)|Poor Peoples Energy Outlook Report 2016]]”, '''putting people at the centre of energy planning is fundamental'''. Assessing the energy demand of the energy poor includes the present and future demand of energy-poor households for lighting, cooking, water heating, space heating, use of other electrical appliances and other energy services, which must be met with the acceptable minimum level of basic energy services.
 This is what the UN Sustainable Energy for All (SEforAll) aims to do by measuring existing and required levels of energy access. Its initiative, denominated '''Multi-Tier Framework''' ([[Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access|MTF]]), was initially developed to monitor progress. The same multi-dimensional approach is also relevant in the planning and investment stages of providing energy access. This Total Energy Access (TEA) approach encompasses:
 *'''All spheres''' of energy access differentiated by gender:
@@ Line 46: / Line 36: @@
 #Households
 #Productive uses
-#Community facilities<br/><br/>
+#Community facilities<br/>
 *'''All forms''' of energy access:<br/>
@@ Line 61: / Line 51: @@
 #Stand-alone
 The MTF is a useful instrument to identify optimal energy access '''technologies''' that can meet the needs of the people it will serve within their '''budgets'''. Furthermore, it is an instrument that is sustainable over time as it incorporates a possible, often gradual, '''increase in demand''' once a first tier level has been achieved.
@@ Line 76: / Line 65: @@
 Greater '''capacity building''' and '''support '''must be given to policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the planning, so that such a holistic perspective can be incorporated at the early stages of the planning process and help deliver universal access to energy by 2030.
 = Some initiatives do take a first step in this direction like<br/> =
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 *[https://energydata.info/ Energydata.info]
 = Further Information<br/> =
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 = References<br/> =
-*<span style="font-size: 13.6px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)">IEA,&nbsp;</span>[http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WEO2017SpecialReport_EnergyAccessOutlook.pdf World Energy Outlook 2017 Special Report], Energy Access Outlook, 2017<br/>
+*IEA, [http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WEO2017SpecialReport_EnergyAccessOutlook.pdf World Energy Outlook 2017 Special Report], Energy Access Outlook, 2017<br/>
 *Practical Action, [https://policy.practicalaction.org/policy-themes/energy/poor-peoples-energy-outlook/poor-people-s-energy-outlook-2016 Poor Peoples Energy Outlook Report], 2016
 *ESMAP, [http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/Topics/Energy and Extract/Beyond_Connections_Energy_Access_Redefined_Exec_ESMAP_2015.pdf Beyond energy connections – energy access redefined], 2015
@@ Line 100: / Line 86: @@
 *ESMAP and KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, [https://energydata.info/ Energydata.info]
 <div>
 <references />

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 &nbsp;
-<p style="text-align: center">[[File:Screen Shot 2018-04-20 at 09.58.15.png|center|500px|Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017|alt=Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017]]Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
+<p style="text-align: center">[[File:Screen Shot 2018-04-20 at 09.58.15.png|center|500px|Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017|alt=Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017]]</p><p style="text-align: center">Change in primary energy demand, IEA, 2017<ref name="IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017">IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2017</ref><br/></p>
 &nbsp;
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 &nbsp;
-= '''Some initiatives do take a first step in this direction like'''<br/> =
+= Some initiatives do take a first step in this direction like<br/> =
 *[https://policy.practicalaction.org/policy-themes/energy/total-energy-access Poor Peoples Total Energy Access (TEA)]<br/>
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 *[[Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access|Global Tracking Framework for Measuring Energy Access]]
-= '''References'''<br/> =
+= References<br/> =
 *<span style="font-size: 13.6px;  background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)">IEA,&nbsp;</span>[http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WEO2017SpecialReport_EnergyAccessOutlook.pdf World Energy Outlook 2017 Special Report], Energy Access Outlook, 2017<br/>
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 Written by: [http://fsr.eui.eu/people/pia-lovengreen-alessi/ Pia Lovengreen Alessi], [http://fsr.eui.eu/universal-access-energy/ Florence School of Regulation]&nbsp;and [http://www.wame2015.org/ World Access to Modern Energy].
 [[Category:Energy_Access]]