Energy Efficiency in Powering Agriculture - Revision history

Ranisha at 19:08, 14 July 2020

2020-07-14T19:08:47Z

Stefan Eibisch at 10:13, 11 May 2016

2016-05-11T10:13:51Z

Stefan Eibisch at 09:55, 11 May 2016

2016-05-11T09:55:27Z

Stefan Eibisch: /* Basics of Energy Efficiency */

2016-05-11T09:50:28Z

Basics of Energy Efficiency

Ranisha at 12:23, 6 April 2016

2016-04-06T12:23:34Z

Laura Jakobeit at 14:57, 30 March 2016

2016-03-30T14:57:08Z

Simone Fehrenbach at 14:08, 9 September 2015

2015-09-09T14:08:49Z

Ranisha at 07:10, 23 July 2015

2015-07-23T07:10:17Z

Laura Jakobeit at 10:37, 22 July 2015

2015-07-22T10:37:17Z

Laura Jakobeit at 10:22, 22 July 2015

2015-07-22T10:22:23Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
@@ Line 84: / Line 83: @@
 = Further Information<br/> =
-*[[Portal:Powering Agriculture|Powering Agriculture Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
+*[[Portal:Water and Energy for Food|Water and Energy for Food (WE4F) portal on energypedia]]
 *[[Energy for Agriculture|Energy for Agriculture]]<br/>
 *[[:Category:Energy Efficiency|All "Energy Efficiency" related articles on energypedia]]<br/>
@@ Line 94: / Line 93: @@
 <references /><br/>
 [[Category:Energy_Efficiency]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 = Basics of Energy Efficiency<br/> =
-Energy conersions always imply energy losses. Converting energy from one from into another is necessary for utilising energy. For instance, in lift irrigation:&nbsp;A diesel engine converts chemical energy of oil into mechanical energy for powering the shaft of a pump. This pump then converts shaft power into potential energy of water by&nbsp;bringing the water to a higher height. Energy conversion is also necessary for energy generation: A solar&nbsp;PV cell generates energy by converting radiation energy into electricity. Within the conversion a share of energy is lost. This leads to the concept of [[Energy Efficiency Introduction|energy effifiency]].<ref>GIZ, Energy Efficiency. http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html</ref><br/>
+Energy conversions always imply energy losses. Converting energy from one&nbsp;into another is necessary for utilising energy. For instance, in lift irrigation:&nbsp;A diesel engine converts chemical energy of oil into mechanical energy for powering the shaft of a pump. This pump then converts shaft power into potential energy of water by&nbsp;bringing the water to a higher height. Energy conversion is also necessary for energy generation: A solar&nbsp;PV cell generates energy by converting radiation energy into electricity. Within the conversion a share of energy is lost. This leads to the concept of [[Energy_Efficiency_Introduction|energy efficiency]].<ref>GIZ, Energy Efficiency. http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html</ref><br/>
 The efficiency of an energy converter (e.g. solar cell, turbine, motor) is defined as the quantity of energy in the desired form (the output energy) divided by the quantity of energy put in for conversion (the input energy).<ref name="FAO, 1991">FAO, 1991. Energy for sustainable rural development Projects.</ref><br/>
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 Energy efficiency can lead to ecological and economic win-win situations. Lower costs for industry increase both competitiveness and job security. Also private households benefit, an impact that particularly benefits the poorer segments of a community, who frequently spend a disproportionately large portion of their income on energy. Further, everyone benefits from the positive effects on the climate and environment that result from lower greenhouse gas emissions and the reduced consumption of natural resources ([http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html GIZ, Energy Efficiency]).<br/>
-Energy efficiency measures must target areas where energy is actually “consumed”: energy production, transmission and distribution, buildings, industry, private households, municipal facilities, and the transport sector. One key sector is the agriculture and food sector, which consumes about 30% of the global energy<ref name="FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf">FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf </ref>. Thus, improving energy efficiency in agriculture is essential to reduce energy demand and hence reduce costs. Further, improved energy efficiency redcues reliance on fossil fuels and therefore contributes to reducing GHG emissions.<br/>
+Energy efficiency measures must target areas where energy is actually “consumed”: energy production, transmission and distribution, buildings, industry, private households, municipal facilities, and the transport sector. One key sector is the agriculture and food sector, which consumes about 30% of the global energy<ref name="FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf">FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf </ref>. Thus, improving energy efficiency in agriculture is essential to reduce energy demand and hence reduce costs. Further, improved energy efficiency reduces reliance on fossil fuels and therefore contributes to reducing GHG emissions.<br/>
 {{Go to Top}}
@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 == Value Chain Approach ==
-[[File:Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png|thumb|right|355px|Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png]] Especially, the following value chains offer optimization potentials: rice, tea, vegetables /fruits, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, cashew, forestry, fish. The example of the fruits and vegetable value chains shows evidently that in addition to the above listed irrigation, also cooling, processing and energetic use of waste materials offer energy saving potentials.
+[[File:Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png|thumb|right|355px|Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png]] Especially, the following value chains offer optimization potentials: rice, tea, vegetables /fruits, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, cashew, forestry, fish. The example of the fruits and vegetable value chains shows evidently that in addition to the above listed irrigation, also cooling, processing and energetic use of waste materials offer energy saving potentials.<br/>
 {{Go to Top}}<br/>
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 <references /><br/>
 [[Category:Powering_Agriculture]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
-The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.
+The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.<br/>
 = Basics of Energy Efficiency<br/> =
-Energy conersions always imply energy losses. Converting energy from one from into another is necessary for utilising energy. For instance, in lift irrigation:&nbsp;A diesel engine converts chemical energy of oil into mechanical energy for powering the shaft of a pump. This pump then converts shaft power into potential energy of water by&nbsp;bringing the water to a higher height. Energy conversion is also necessary for energy generation: A solar&nbsp;PV cell generates energy by converting radiation energy into electricity. Within the conversion a share of energy is lost. This leads to the concept of [[Energy_Efficiency_Introduction|energy effifiency]].<ref>GIZ, Energy Efficiency. http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html</ref><br/>
+Energy conersions always imply energy losses. Converting energy from one from into another is necessary for utilising energy. For instance, in lift irrigation:&nbsp;A diesel engine converts chemical energy of oil into mechanical energy for powering the shaft of a pump. This pump then converts shaft power into potential energy of water by&nbsp;bringing the water to a higher height. Energy conversion is also necessary for energy generation: A solar&nbsp;PV cell generates energy by converting radiation energy into electricity. Within the conversion a share of energy is lost. This leads to the concept of [[Energy Efficiency Introduction|energy effifiency]].<ref>GIZ, Energy Efficiency. http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html</ref><br/>
 The efficiency of an energy converter (e.g. solar cell, turbine, motor) is defined as the quantity of energy in the desired form (the output energy) divided by the quantity of energy put in for conversion (the input energy).<ref name="FAO, 1991">FAO, 1991. Energy for sustainable rural development Projects.</ref><br/>
-For more details - check out the [[Energy_Efficiency_Introduction|introduction on energy efficiency]].<br/>
+For more details - check out the [[Energy Efficiency Introduction|introduction on energy efficiency]].<br/>
 {{Go to Top}}
 = Energy Efficiency =
@@ Line 64: / Line 66: @@
 [[File:Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png|thumb|right|355px|Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png]] Especially, the following value chains offer optimization potentials: rice, tea, vegetables /fruits, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, cashew, forestry, fish. The example of the fruits and vegetable value chains shows evidently that in addition to the above listed irrigation, also cooling, processing and energetic use of waste materials offer energy saving potentials.
-{{Go to Top}}
+{{Go to Top}}<br/>
 == Process-oriented Approach ==
@@ Line 92: / Line 94: @@
 <references /><br/>
 [[Category:Energy_Efficiency]]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.
 = Basics of Energy Efficiency<br/> =
-Energy conersions always imply energy losses. Converting energy from one from into another is necessary for utilising energy. For instance, in lift irrigation:&nbsp;A diesel engine converts chemical energy of oil into mechanical energy for powering the shaft of a pump. This pump then converts shaft power into potential energy of water by&nbsp;bringing the water to a higher height. Energy conversion is also necessary for energy generation: A solar&nbsp;PV cell generates energy by converting radiation energy into electricity. Within the conversion a share of energy is lost. This leads to the concept of energey effifiency.<ref>GIZ, Energy Efficiency. http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html</ref><br/>
+Energy conersions always imply energy losses. Converting energy from one from into another is necessary for utilising energy. For instance, in lift irrigation:&nbsp;A diesel engine converts chemical energy of oil into mechanical energy for powering the shaft of a pump. This pump then converts shaft power into potential energy of water by&nbsp;bringing the water to a higher height. Energy conversion is also necessary for energy generation: A solar&nbsp;PV cell generates energy by converting radiation energy into electricity. Within the conversion a share of energy is lost. This leads to the concept of [[Energy_Efficiency_Introduction|energy effifiency]].<ref>GIZ, Energy Efficiency. http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html</ref><br/>
 The efficiency of an energy converter (e.g. solar cell, turbine, motor) is defined as the quantity of energy in the desired form (the output energy) divided by the quantity of energy put in for conversion (the input energy).<ref name="FAO, 1991">FAO, 1991. Energy for sustainable rural development Projects.</ref><br/>
 {{Go to Top}}
 = Energy Efficiency =

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
-The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.<br/>
+The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.
 = Basics of Energy Efficiency<br/> =
@@ Line 12: / Line 10: @@
 The efficiency of an energy converter (e.g. solar cell, turbine, motor) is defined as the quantity of energy in the desired form (the output energy) divided by the quantity of energy put in for conversion (the input energy).<ref name="FAO, 1991">FAO, 1991. Energy for sustainable rural development Projects.</ref><br/>
-<br/>
+{{Go to Top}}
 = Energy Efficiency =
@@ Line 22: / Line 20: @@
 Energy efficiency measures must target areas where energy is actually “consumed”: energy production, transmission and distribution, buildings, industry, private households, municipal facilities, and the transport sector. One key sector is the agriculture and food sector, which consumes about 30% of the global energy<ref name="FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf">FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf </ref>. Thus, improving energy efficiency in agriculture is essential to reduce energy demand and hence reduce costs. Further, improved energy efficiency redcues reliance on fossil fuels and therefore contributes to reducing GHG emissions.<br/>
-<br/>
+{{Go to Top}}
 = Energy Efficiency of Agricultural Processes<br/> =
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 [[File:Energy within Agricultural Value Chains.png|thumb|right|435px|alt=Energy within Agricultural Value Chains.png]]The processes along the value chain, as shown in the graph to the right, are heavily dependent on the use of fossil fuels. In agricultural production for example, this includes indirect energy inputs in the form of energy-intensive manufactured fertilizers and pesticides, as well as direct inputs such as diesel for tractors and tillage or energy for operating irrigation systems.<br/>
-Energy demand can be reduced in all agricultural processes where energy is used, by appropriate technology changes, as well as by improved management and operations. Broadly seperated one can look at agricultural production and processing.<br/>
+Energy demand can be reduced in all agricultural processes where energy is used, by appropriate technology changes, as well as by improved management and operations. Broadly seperated one can look at agricultural production and processing.<br/>{{Go to Top}}
 == Agricultural Production<br/> ==
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 Further areas for energy saving potentials within agriculture and energy are the diesel efficiency in agriculture and transport. The largest demand in the field of agricultural production refers to optimized irrigation technologies, such as solar pumps. Thereby, the focus is particularly on the fruit and vegetable sector.<br/>
-<br/>[[Energy Saving Potentials in Agriculture#toc|►Go to Top]]
+{{Go to Top}}
 == Food Processing Industry<br/> ==
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 A larger demand for measures in the fields of energy efficiency and renewable energies was registered from agricultural production than from the food processing industry. Cooling and heating constitute examples. For instance, greenhouse heating can be essential for the year-round production of fruit, vegetables or flowers. Temperature controlled storage and refrigeration systems are also crucial for example in the horticulture and vegetable industry,&nbsp;but consume considerable amounts of electricity. According to Bundschuh and Chen (2014<ref>Jochen Bundschuh & Guangnan Chen, 2014. Sustainable Energy Solutions in Agriculture.</ref>) improvements to technical elements and operation of modern refrigeration systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption by 15-40%.<br/>
-<br/>[[Energy Saving Potentials in Agriculture#toc|►Go to Top]]<br/>
+{{Go to Top}}
 = Identification of Energy Saving Potentials<br/> =
 Based on this demand three possible approaches can be identified: a regional focus, a focus on value chains as well as a process-oriented focus.<br/>
 == Regional Approach<br/> ==
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 [[File:Regional Approach to Powering Agriculture.png|thumb|right|353px|Regional Approach to Powering Agriculture.png]] The largest potentials are to be located primarily in Asia and Africa, but also in Latin America. Using the example of the hotspot of Southeast Asia it becomes clear that there is a diverse range of possible regional contact points for future studies and activities in the field of renewable energies and energy efficiency.
-<br/>[[Energy Saving Potentials in Agriculture#toc|►Go to Top]]
+{{Go to Top}}
 == Value Chain Approach ==
@@ Line 62: / Line 60: @@
 [[File:Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png|thumb|right|355px|Value Chain Approach to Powering Agriculture.png]] Especially, the following value chains offer optimization potentials: rice, tea, vegetables /fruits, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, cashew, forestry, fish. The example of the fruits and vegetable value chains shows evidently that in addition to the above listed irrigation, also cooling, processing and energetic use of waste materials offer energy saving potentials.
-<br/>[[Energy Saving Potentials in Agriculture#toc|►Go to Top]]
+{{Go to Top}}
 == Process-oriented Approach ==
@@ Line 68: / Line 66: @@
 <br/>[[File:Process Approach to Powering Agriculture.png|thumb|right|354px|Process Approach to Powering Agriculture.png]]<span style="line-height: 20.4px;"></span> In terms of value chain processes, potential for optimized energy use are particularly to be found in irrigation, drying, cooling, storage, and packaging mills. The example of drying&nbsp;shows that a deeper analysis on this topic can connect numerous value chains and target countries.<br/>
-[[Energy Saving Potentials in Agriculture#toc|►Go to Top]]
+{{Go to Top}}
 = Project Examples<br/> =
-*[[Efficient_Stoves_for_Producing_Shea_Butter_(PA_Project)|Efficient Stoves for Producing Shea Butter]]<br/>
+*[[Efficient Stoves for Producing Shea Butter (PA Project)|Efficient Stoves for Producing Shea Butter]]<br/>
-*[[Smart_Energy_Concept_Chile_(PA_Project)|Smart Energy Concept Chile]]<br/>
+*[[Smart Energy Concept Chile (PA Project)|Smart Energy Concept Chile]]<br/>
-*[[Energy_Efficiency_Potentials_in_the_Kenyan_Tea_Sector|Energy Efficiency Potentials in the Kenyan Tea Sector]]<br/>
+*[[Energy Efficiency Potentials in the Kenyan Tea Sector|Energy Efficiency Potentials in the Kenyan Tea Sector]]<br/>
-<br/>
+{{Go to Top}}
 = Further Information<br/> =
@@ Line 82: / Line 80: @@
 *[[Portal:Powering Agriculture|Powering Agriculture Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
 *[[Energy for Agriculture|Energy for Agriculture]]<br/>
-*[[:Category:Energy_Efficiency|All "Energy Efficiency" related articles on energypedia]]<br/>
+*[[:Category:Energy Efficiency|All "Energy Efficiency" related articles on energypedia]]<br/>
-<br/>[[Energy Saving Potentials in Agriculture#toc|►Go to Top]]<br/>
+{{Go to Top}}
 = References =

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 = Energy Efficiency of Agricultural Processes<br/> =
-Energy demand can be reduced in all agricultural processes where energy is used, by appropriate technology changes, as well as by improved management and operations. <br/>
+Energy demand can be reduced in all agricultural processes where energy is used, by appropriate technology changes, as well as by improved management and operations.<br/>
 Irrigation systems present one of many examples. Irrigated agriculture is a crucial part of global agriculture, increasing productivity significantly. However, it is under pressure to adopt best practices to improve efficiency in terms of water use and energy costs.<br/>
-Cooling and heating constitute further examples. For instance, greenhouse heating can be essential for the year-round production of fruit, vegetables or flowers. Temperature controlled storage and refrigeration systems are also crucial for example in the horticulture and vegetable industry,&nbsp;but consume considerable amounts of electricity. According to Bundschuh and Chen (2014<ref>Jochen Bundschuh & Guangnan Chen, 2014. Sustainable Energy Solutions in Agriculture.</ref>) improvements to technical elements and operation of modern refrigeration systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption by 15-40%. <br/>
+Cooling and heating constitute further examples. For instance, greenhouse heating can be essential for the year-round production of fruit, vegetables or flowers. Temperature controlled storage and refrigeration systems are also crucial for example in the horticulture and vegetable industry,&nbsp;but consume considerable amounts of electricity. According to Bundschuh and Chen (2014<ref>Jochen Bundschuh & Guangnan Chen, 2014. Sustainable Energy Solutions in Agriculture.</ref>) improvements to technical elements and operation of modern refrigeration systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption by 15-40%.<br/>
 Generally, the energy efficiency of all electrical devices applied in agriculture can be potentially increased, e.g. LED lamps etc.<br/>
@@ Line 58: / Line 58: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Powering_Agriculture]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
-The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies.<br/>
+The global potential for energy savings is enormous, reaching up to 50% in developing countries and transition economies. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.<br/>
 <br/>
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 = Energy Efficiency =
-Energy efficiency is an integral part of sustainable energy management in order to reduce energy consumption and decouple it from economic growth.
+Energy efficiency is an integral part of sustainable energy management in order to reduce energy consumption and decouple it from economic growth.<br/>
 Energy efficiency can lead to ecological and economic win-win situations. Lower costs for industry increase both competitiveness and job security. Also private households benefit, an impact that particularly benefits the poorer segments of a community, who frequently spend a disproportionately large portion of their income on energy. Further, everyone benefits from the positive effects on the climate and environment that result from lower greenhouse gas emissions and the reduced consumption of natural resources ([http://www.giz.de/expertise/html/13356.html GIZ, Energy Efficiency]).<br/>
-Energy efficiency measures must target areas where energy is actually “consumed”: energy production, transmission and distribution, buildings, industry, private households, municipal facilities, and the transport sector. One key sector is the agriculture and food sector, which consumes about 30% of the global energy<ref name="FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf">FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf </ref>. This page shall serve as an overview page of articles relating to energy efficiency within the agriculture and food sector.<br/>
+Energy efficiency measures must target areas where energy is actually “consumed”: energy production, transmission and distribution, buildings, industry, private households, municipal facilities, and the transport sector. One key sector is the agriculture and food sector, which consumes about 30% of the global energy<ref name="FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf">FAO, 2011: “Energy-smart” food for people and climate – Issue Paper: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf </ref>. Thus, improving energy efficiency in agriculture is essential to reduce energy demand and hence reduce costs. Further, improved energy efficiency redcues reliance on fossil fuels and therefore contributes to reducing GHG emissions.<br/>
 <br/>
@@ Line 26: / Line 42: @@
 = Project Examples<br/> =
-*<span dir="auto">[[Efficient_Stoves_for_Producing_Shea_Butter_(PA_Project)|Efficient Stoves for Producing Shea Butter]]</span> <br/>
+*<span dir="auto">[[Efficient Stoves for Producing Shea Butter (PA Project)|Efficient Stoves for Producing Shea Butter]]</span><br/>
-*<span dir="auto"></span>[[Smart_Energy_Concept_Chile_(PA_Project)|Smart Energy Concept Chile]]<br/>
+*<span dir="auto"></span>[[Smart Energy Concept Chile (PA Project)|Smart Energy Concept Chile]]<br/>
 <br/>
@@ Line 42: / Line 58: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Energy_Efficiency]]